Xin Wang

Staff Researcher

Baidu Research

Biography

I am a Staff Researcher at the Institute for Quantum Computing at Baidu Research. I lead the development of Paddle Quantum, a Python library for quantum machine learning. My research investigates a broad range of perspectives of quantum computing and quantum information, including quantum communication, entanglement theory, near-term quantum applications, quantum machine learning, and quantum control. I am also an editor of Quantum.

I was a Hartree Postdoctoral Fellow at the Joint Center for Quantum Information and Computer Science (QuICS) at the University of Maryland, College Park. I received my doctorate in quantum information from the University of Technology Sydney (UTS:QSI) in 2018, under the supervision of Prof. Runyao Duan and Prof. Andreas Winter. I obtained my B.S. in mathematics (with Wu Yuzhang Honor) from Sichuan University in 2014.

A full list of my publications can be found on Google Scholar or a rXiv. My full CV is available here.

Hiring: We are looking for self-motivated student interns interested in quantum computation, quantum machine learning, and quantum control (details). If you are interested in joining the journey from the fundamentals of quantum information to the frontier of quantum computing industry, please feel free to contact!

Interests

Quantum Information
Quantum Computation
Machine Learning
Optimization
Quantum Control
Quantum Programming

Education

PhD in Quantum Information, 2018
University of Technology Sydney
BSc in Mathematics, 2014
Sichuan University

Experience

Staff Researcher and Tech Leader

Institute for Quantum Computing, Baidu Research

Jul 2019 – Present Beijing

Hartree Postdoctoral Fellow

QuICS, University of Maryland, College Park

Sep 2018 – Jul 2019 Maryland

News

2021.05, our work “Measurement Error Mitigation via Truncated Neumann Series” [arXiv] (with my colleagues Kun Wang and Yu-Ao Chen) was accepted by [TQC 2021].
2021.05, our work “Bounding the forward classical capacity of bipartite quantum channels” arXiv was accepted by [TQC 2021].
2021.05, our paper “Noise-assisted Quantum Autoencoder” was accepted by [Physical Review Applied].
2021.03, new paper “Lower bound the T-count via unitary stabilizer nullity” [arXiv] with our research intern Jiaqing Jiang.
2021.01, new work “LOCCNet” on exploring distributed quantum information processing protocols with machine learning [arXiv]. Discover novel improved LOCC protocols for entanglement distillation. Joint with our research interns.
2020.12, new paper “Detecting and quantifying entanglement on near-term quantum devices” [arXiv]. Methods for computing Logarithmic Negativity on NISQ devices.
2020.12, new paper “Physical Implementability of Quantum Maps and Its Application in Error Mitigation” with Jiaqing Jiang and Kun Wang [arXiv].
2020.12, I gave an invited talk on Entanglement Cost (Quantum Information Seminar) at Shaanxi Normal University [slides].
2020.12, new paper “Variational Quantum Algorithms for Trace Distance and Fidelity Estimation” with intern students Ranyiliu, Zhixin, and Xuanqiang [arXiv].
2020.12, our paper “VSQL: Variational Shadow Quantum Learning for Classification” (with my visiting/intern students Guangxi and Zhixin) was accepted to AAAI 2021. It is now available on arXiv.
2020.12, I will give an invited talk on Near-term Quantum Algorithms for Quantum Information at Workshop on Quantum Computing and Quantum Information organized by Institute of Physics CAS.
2020.12, I will give an invited talk on Entanglement Theory at AMSS-UTS Joint Workshop on Quantum Computing organized by AMSS CAS and UTS.
2020.11, I gave a contributed talk on Quantum Communication [slides] at Beyond IID Workshop 2020.
2020.09, I am invited to serve as a program committee member for Beyond IID Workshop 2020.
2020.08, I am now an Editor of Quantum. Submissions are welcome!
2020.07, I gave an invited talk on Variational quantum algorithms for state preparation and matrix decomposition at the Innovation Salon organized by Peng Cheng Laboratory [slides].
2020.07, our work Cost of quantum entanglement simplified has been published in Physical Review Letters. See news on phys.org for more information.
2020.06, I gave an invited keynote on Quantum Channel’s Resource Theory [slides] at TQC 2020.
2020.06, I gave a contributed talk Optimizing the fundamental limits for quantum and private communication [arXiv] [slides] at TQC 2020. We establish improved upper bounds on the quantum and private capacities of depolarizing channel, generalized amplitude damping channel, and BB84 channel.
2020.06, new paper “Variational Quantum Singular Value Decomposition” with my intern student Zhixin Song and visiting student Youle Wang [arXiv].
2020.06, new paper “More Practical and Adaptive Algorithms for Online Quantum State Learning” with my intern student Yifang Chen [arXiv].
2020.05, new paper “Variational quantum Gibbs state preparation with a truncated Taylor series” with my visiting students Youle Wang and Guangxi Li [arXiv].
2020.04, our paper Quantification of Unextendible Entanglement and Its Applications in Entanglement Distillation was accepted by ISIT 2020.
2020.02, new paper Quantum algorithms for hedging and the Sparsitron with Y. Hamoudi, M. Ray, P. Rebentrost, M. Santha, and S. Yang is available [arXiv].
2020.01, our work Efficiently computable bounds for magic state distillation has been accepted by Physical Review Letters.
2020.01, our work Quantifying the magic resources for quantum computation was presented as a talk at QIP 2020.
2020.01, our work Resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability was presented as a talk at QIP 2020.
2019.09, our paper Quantum Channel Simulation and the Channel’s Smooth Max-Information has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Information Theory [paper].
2019.09, our paper Quantifying the magic of quantum channels has been published in New Journal of Physics [paper].
2019.09, our paper One-Shot Entanglement Distillation beyond LOCC has been published in New Journal of Physics [paper].
2019.06, our work Efficiently computable bounds for magic state distillation was presented as a long talk at AQIS 2019.
2019.06, our work Resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability will be presented as a talk at AQIS 2019.
2019.06, I am invited to deliver lectures and tutorials at the 2019 Illinois Quantum Computing Summer School.
2019.06, I am invited to serve as a program committee member for AQIS 2019.
2019.04, our paper Non-asymptotic entanglement distillation has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Information Theory [paper].
2019.01, our work Entanglement cost of quantum state preparation and channel simulation was presented as a talk at QIP 2019 [slides][video].
2019.01, our paper On converse bounds for classical communication over quantum channels has been accepted by IEEE Transactions on Information Theory [paper].
2018.12, my PhD thesis “Semidefinite Optimization for Quantum Information” was awarded the Chancellor’s List for Best Thesis.

Featured Publications

The main focus of my research is to better understand the power and limits of information processing with quantum systems. I also aim to explore new applications of quantum information and new approaches to overcome theatrical challenges in realizing quantum technologies.

My Ph.D. thesis Semidefinite Optimization for Quantum Information (pdf) aims to contribute to the development of quantum Shannon theory, entanglement theory, and zero-error information theory. It explores the fundamental properties of quantum entanglement and establishes efficiently computable approximations for elementary tasks in quantum information theory by using semidefinite optimization, matrix analysis, and information measures.

QUANTUM SHANNON THEORY

Quantum Shannon theory is the study of the ultimate performance of communication with quantum systems. One of my primary topics is to investigate the communication capabilities of quantum channels under both finite blocklength and asymptotic regime. The asymptotic regime focuses on the ultimate limits of communication, while the finite blocklength regime focuses on a more practical scenario involving only small and medium number of bits or qubits. Good examples of my results in this area are as follows:

X. Wang, W. Xie, and R. Duan, “Semidefinite programming strong converse bounds for classical capacity,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2018 [link]. (QIP 2017 talk).
X. Wang, K. Fang, and R. Duan, “Semidefinite programming converse bounds for quantum communication,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2019 [link]. (QIP 2018 talk).
X. Wang, K. Fang, and M. Tomamichel, “On converse bounds for classical communication over quantum channels,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 2019 [link]. (QIP 2018 talk).

QUANTUM ENTANGLEMENT

Quantum entanglement is a key ingredient in many quantum information processing tasks, including teleportation, superdense coding, and quantum cryptography. I am interested in exploring the fundamental structure and the resource theory of entanglement. For example, I demonstrate the irreversibility of asymptotic entanglement manipulation under quantum operations that completely preserve the positivity of partial transpose (PPT), resolving a major open problem in quantum information theory.

X. Wang and R. Duan, “Irreversibility of Asymptotic Entanglement Manipulation Under Quantum Operations Completely Preserving Positivity of Partial Transpose,” Physical Review Letters, 2017 [link], (QIP 2017 talk).

I also established single-letter formulas to efficiently quantify the quantum entanglement required for quantum state preparation and quantum channel implementation:

X. Wang and M. M. Wilde, “Exact entanglement cost of quantum states and channels under PPT-preserving operations,” arXiv:1809.09592 [link], (QIP 2019 talk).
X. Wang and M. M. Wilde, “Cost of quantum entanglement simplified,” Physical Review Letters, 2020 [link]. Check “Healing an Achilles’ heel of quantum entanglement ” at phys.org for more details.

Notably, the above work introduces the first entanglement measure that is efficiently computable while possessing a direct operational meaning for general bipartite states, thus solving a question that has remained open since the inception of entanglement theory over two decades ago. This unique feature helps us better understand the fundamental structure and power of entanglement.

FAULT-TOLERANT QUANTUM COMPUTATION

Magic state manipulation is a crucial component in the leading approaches to realizing scalable, fault-tolerant, and universal quantum computation. Related to magic state manipulation is the resource theory of magic states, for which one of the goals is to characterize and quantify quantum “magic.” In the following two papers, we develop resource-theoretic approaches to study the non-stabilizer resources in fault-tolerant quantum computation. We, in particular, introduce efficiently computable magic measures to quantify the magic of quantum states as well as noisy quantum circuits and explore their applications in magic state distillation, gate synthesis, and classical simulation of noisy circuits.

X. Wang, M. M. Wilde, and Y. Su, “Efficiently computable bounds for magic state distillation,” Physical Review Letters, 2020 [link], (AQIS 2019 long talk).
X. Wang, M. M. Wilde, and Y. Su, “Quantifying the magic of quantum channels,” New Journal of Physics, 21 (10), 103002, 2019 [link], (QIP 2020 talk).

Quantum Resource Theory

Quantum resource theory (QRT) offers a powerful framework for studying different phenomena in quantum physics. It aims to capture and quantify the desirable quantum effect, and optimize its use for particular quantum applications. My interests in this area lie in the mathematical analysis and characterization of quantum resources, as well as the applications of QRT for other quantum technologies. Good examples of my results are as follows:

X. Wang and M. M. Wilde, “Resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability,” Physical Review Research, (QIP 2020 talk).

In particular, I was invited to deliver a keynote on Quantum Channel’s Resource Theory [slides] at TQC 2020.

Zero-error Information Theory

heorythe ordinary Shannon theory studies communication with asymptotically vanishing errors, Shannon also investigated the information theory when errors are required to be strictly zero, which is known as the zero-error information theory. In this area, the communication problem reduces to the study of the so-called confusability graph (non-commutative graph) of a classical channel (quantum channel). A good example of my research in this area is proving the separation between the quantum Lovász number and the entanglement-assisted zero-error capacity:

X. Wang and R. Duan, “Separation Between Quantum Lovász Number and Entanglement-Assisted Zero-Error Classical Capacity,” IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, 64 (3), 1454–1460, 2018 [link]. (Contributed talk at AQIS 2017).

Publications

Cost of quantum entanglement simplified
Xin Wang and Mark M. Wilde
[PRL]
Variational Quantum Singular Value Decomposition
Xin Wang, Zhixin Song, and Youle Wang
arXiv:2006.02336
More Practical and Adaptive Algorithms for Online Quantum State Learning
Yifang Chen and Xin Wang
arXiv:2006.01013
Variational quantum Gibbs state preparation with a truncated Taylor series
Youle Wang, Guangxi Li, and Xin Wang
arXiv:2005.08797
Quantifying the magic of quantum channels
Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde, Yuan Su
Presented at QIP 2020 as a talk.
[NJP] [arXiv]
Resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability
Xin Wang and Mark M. Wilde
Presented at QIP 2020 as a talk.
Phys. Rev. Research 1, 033170, (2019)
[PRR][arXiv]
Quantum Channel Simulation and the Channel’s Smooth Max-Information
Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Marco Tomamichel, Mario Berta
Presented at ISIT 2018, TQC 2018 and BIID 2018 as contributed talks.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (in press, 2019).
[TIT][ISIT][arXiv]
Optimizing the fundamental limits for quantum and private communication
Xin Wang
Accepted by TQC 2020 as a talk.
arXiv:1912.00931
Quantum algorithms for hedging and the Sparsitron
Yassine Hamoudi, Maharshi Ray, Patrick Rebentrost, Miklos Santha, Xin Wang, Siyi Yang
arXiv:2002.06003
Resource theory of asymmetric distinguishability for quantum channels
Xin Wang and Mark M. Wilde
Phys. Rev. Research 1, 033169, (2019)
[PRR] [arXiv]
Quantifying the unextendibility of entanglement
Kun Wang, Xin Wang, and Mark M. Wilde
Accepted by ISIT 2020 as a talk.
arXiv:1911.07433
Efficiently computable bounds for magic state distillation
Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde, Yuan Su
Physical Review Letters (in press, 2020) Presented at AQIS 2019 as a long talk.
[PRL][arXiv]
Time-dependent Hamiltonian simulation with L1-norm scaling
Dominic W. Berry, Andrew M. Childs, Yuan Su, Xin Wang, Nathan Wiebe
Quantum (in press, 2020)
arXiv:1906.07115
On converse bounds for classical communication over quantum channels
Xin Wang, Kun Fang, Marco Tomamichel
Presented at QIP 2018 as a contributed talk.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 65(7): 4609 - 4619 (2019).
[TIT][arXiv]
Exact entanglement cost of quantum states and channels under PPT-preserving operations
Xin Wang and Mark M. Wilde
Presented at QIP 2019 as a contributed talk.
[arXiv]
α-Logarithmic negativity
Xin Wang and Mark M. Wilde
arXiv:1904.10437
Resource theory of entanglement for bipartite quantum channels
Stefan Bäuml, Siddhartha Das, Xin Wang, Mark M. Wilde
arXiv:1907.04181
One-shot entanglement distillation beyond LOCC
Bartosz Regula, Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Mile Gu
New Journal of Physics 21, 103017 (2019)
[NJP][arXiv]
Non-asymptotic entanglement distillation
Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Marco Tomamichel, Runyao Duan
Presented at AQIS 2017 as a long talk.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 65(10): 6454 - 6465 (2019).
[TIT][arXiv]
Semidefinite programming converse bounds for quantum communication
Xin Wang, Kun Fang, Runyao Duan
Presented at QIP 2018 as a contributed talk.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 65(4): 2583 - 2592 (2019).
[TIT][arXiv][slides]
Separation between quantum Lovász number and entanglement-assisted zero-error capacity
Xin Wang and Runyao Duan
Presented at AQIS 2016 as a contributed talk.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 64(3):1454-1460 (2018).
[TIT][arXiv][slides]
Converse bounds for classical communication over quantum networks
Wei Xie, Xin Wang, and Runyao Duan
Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.
[ISIT][arXiv]
Probabilistic distillation of quantum coherence
Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Ludovico Lami, Bartosz Regula, Gerardo Adesso
Physical Review Letters 121, 070404 (2018).
[PRL][arXiv]
Gaussian quantum resource theories
Ludovico Lami, Bartosz Regula, Xin Wang, Rosanna Nichols, Andreas Winter, Gerardo Adesso
Physical Review A 98, 022335 (2018) (Editors’ Suggestion)
[PRA][arXiv]
One-shot coherence distillation
Bartosz Regula, Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Gerardo Adesso
Physical Review Letters 121, 010401 (2018).
[PRL][arXiv]
Semidefinite programming strong converse bounds for classical capacity
Xin Wang, Wei Xie, Runyao Duan
Presented at QIP 2017, ISIT 2017, BIID 2017 as contributed talks.
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 64(1): 640-653 (2018).
[TIT][arXiv][slides]
Using and reusing coherence to realize quantum processes
María García Díaz, Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Matteo Rosati, Michalis Skotiniotis, John Calsamiglia, Andreas Winter
Quantum Journal 2, 100 (2018).
[Quantum][arXiv]
Q|SI⟩: A Quantum Programming Environment
Shusen Liu, Xin Wang, Li Zhou, Ji Guan, Yinan Li, Yang He, Runyao Duan, Mingsheng Ying
In Symposium on Real-Time and Hybrid Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 11180. Springer, Cham.
arXiv:1710.09500, software available at http://www.qcompiler.com.
Tripartite-to-bipartite Entanglement Transformation by Stochastic Local Operations and Classical Communication and the Classification of Matrix Spaces
Yinan Li, Youming Qiao, Xin Wang, Runyao Duan
Presented at AQIS 2016 as a contributed talk.
Communications in Mathematical Physics 358(2): 791–814 (2018).
[CMP][arXiv][slides]
Irreversibility of Asymptotic Entanglement Manipulation Under PPT operations
Xin Wang and Runyao Duan
Presented at QIP 2017 as a contributed talk and at AQIS 2017 as a long talk.
Physical Review Letters 119, 180506 (2017).
[PRL][arXiv][slides]
Approximate broadcasting of quantum correlations
Wei Xie, Kun Fang, Xin Wang, Runyao Duan
Physical Review A 96, 022302 (2017).
Presented at AQIS 2017.
[PRA][arXiv]
Indistinguishability of Quantum States by PPT operations in the many-copy scenario
Yinan Li, Xin Wang, Runyao Duan
Physical Review A 95, 052346 (2017).
[PRA][arXiv]
Rains’ bound is not additive
Xin Wang and Runyao Duan
Physical Review A 95, 062322 (2017).
[PRA][arXiv]
A semidefinite programming upper bound of quantum capacity
Xin Wang and Runyao Duan
Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.
[ISIT][arXiv]
On the quantum no-signalling assisted zero-error simulation cost of non-commutative bipartite graphs
Xin Wang and Runyao Duan
Proceedings of the 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory.
[ISIT][arXiv]
Improved Semidefinite Programming Upper Bound on Distillable Entanglement
Xin Wang and Runyao Duan
Presented at AQIS 2016 as a contributed talk.
Physical Review A 94, 050301 (Rapid communication) (2016).
[PRA][arXiv]
Activated zero-error capacity of quantum channels in the presence of quantum no-signalling correlations
Runyao Duan and Xin Wang
[arXiv].